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"the logarithm of 20 to the base 5 + the logarithm of 1/4 to the base 4"
log of 20 to the base 5 + log of 1/4 to the base 4 can be written as
log 4.5 to base 5+log 1/4 to base 4
= log 4 to base 5+log 5 to the base 5+ log 1 to base 4- log 4 to base 4
[ using the property of logarithms]
= log 4 to base 5 + 1+log 1 to base 4 - 1 [log of any number to the base of the same number is always = 1]
= log 4 to base 5+ log 1 to base 4 [reduce both log to the same base i.e 10]
= log 4 to base 10/log 5 to base 10 + log 1 to base 10/ log 4 to base 10
since all the log's are to the same base use the property of logarithms
= log(4/5)+log(1/4) = log4 - log5+log 1- log4 = -log 5 to the base10