Notice that you have two - signs in a row. Was that a typo, and there should have been only 1 - sign? I'll assume so, that you mean this:The first and last terms are like terms, so combine them: 1*log(x)-2*log(x) gives -1*log(x) Move the -1 coefficient of the first term to the exponent of what the log is of, which is x, making the x become x-1 Write the sum of those two logs as the log of a product: Simplify by adding the exponents of x: Edwin