the number, as far as i can tell, is 50.
the first digit is 5.
the second digit is 0.
it can't be 05 because that's a one digit number of 5.
when the most significant digit is 5 and the least significant digit is 0, you get:
5+0=5
5*0+5=5
the sum of the digits is equal to the product of the digits plus 5.
the equation is generated and solved for as follows:
let x equal 1 of the digits and y equal the other digit.
you get:
xy+5=x+y
subtract x and subtract 5 from both sides of this equation to get:
xy-x=y-5
factor out the x on the left side of the equation to get:
x(y-1) = (y-5)
divide both sides of the equation by (y-1) to get:
x = (y-5)/(y-1)
since x or y have to be single digits from 0 to 9, it's then a matter of substituting a single digit from 0 to 9 for y and seeing what the value of x becomes.
you get:
y x
0 5
1 undefined
2 -3
3 -1
4 -.3333...
5 0
6 .2
7 .3333...
8 .42857...
9 .5
you can see that the only digits that come out to be intergers in the interval of from 0 to 9 are when x = 0 and y = 5 or when x = 5 and y = 0.
if x is the most significant digit, then the solution is x = 5 and y = 0.
if x is the least significant digit, then the solution is x = 0 and y = 5.