1 1 2csc²x = + 1 + cos x 1 - cos x The LCD on the right is (1 + cos x)(1 - cos x) 1(1 - cos x) 1(1 + cos x) 2csc²x = + (1 + cos x)(1 - cos x) (1 - cos x)(1 + cos x) 1 - cos x 1 + cos x 2csc²x = + (1 + cos x)(1 - cos x) (1 - cos x)(1 + cos x) Combine over the common denominator: 1 - cos x + 1 + cos x 2csc²x = (1 + cos x)(1 - cos x) Simplify the top and FOIL out the bottom 2 2csc²x = 1 - cos²x Use the identitywritten as to rewrite the denominator: 2 2csc²x = sin²x 1 2csc²x = 2* sin²x Use the identity with both sides squared which is to rewrite the second factor on the right side: 2csc²x = 2csc²x Edwin