Lesson PROPERTIES OF TRIANGLES

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Properties of triangles


For your convenience, this file consolidates my lessons on triangles in this site. The file contains short annotations to the lessons and the major properties of triangles.
The properties are presented with the links to the corresponding lessons. The lessons are listed in the logical order, which means that every given lesson refers to the
preceding ones only and does not refer to that follow. The list consolidates the relevant lessons that are located under different topics and even in the different sections
in this site. At the end of the list there are links to the lessons on word problems related to triangles.

The lesson title

Points and Straight Lines basics                          


Angles basics



Vertical angles


Parallel lines


Sum of the interior angles of a triangle

Congruence tests for triangles


Problems on congruence tests for triangles

Problems on congruence tests for triangles-2





The lesson title

How to draw a congruent segment and
a congruent angle using a compass and a ruler



How to draw a parallel line passing through
a given point using a compass and a ruler



Isosceles triangles






An altitude, a median and an angle bisector
in the isosceles triangle


Properties of the sides of parallelograms





The line segment joining the midpoints
of two sides of a triangle





The lesson title

Altitudes in an isosceles triangle




Medians in an isosceles triangle




Angles and sides inequality theorems
for triangles










Angle bisectors in an isosceles triangle





The lesson title

A perpendicular bisector of a segment



An angle bisector properties


How to bisect a segment using a compass
and a ruler



How to bisect an angle using a compass
and a ruler


Perpendicular bisectors of a triangle sides
are concurrent


Angle bisectors of a triangle are concurrent

Altitudes of a triangle are concurrent

Properties of diagonals of a parallelogram



Medians of a triangle are concurrent


The lesson title

Median drawn to the hypotenuse
of a right triangle






The Pythagorean Theorem


More proofs of the Pythagorean Theorem



Law of Sines



Law of sines - the Geometric Proof

Solve triangles using Law of Sines




The lesson title

Proof of the Law of Cosines revisited

Solve triangles using Law of Cosines



On what segments the angle bisector
divides the side of a triangle



The length of a median of a triangle



......

The property

The length of any side of a triangle does not exceed                        
the sum of lengths of the other two sides.

Angles - what is this? Comparing angles. Measuring angles.
Adding angles. Types of angles. Supplementary angles.
Complementary angles. Vertical angles - definitions and examples.

Vertical angles are congruent.
Proof of the theorem and examples.

Angles formed by two straight lines and a transverse line.
Postulates on parallel lines.

The sum of the interior angles of a triangle is equal to 180°.

Three postulates are presented for congruency of triangles
(SAS, ASA and SSS) with the detailed discussion.

Problems on congruence tests for triangles are presented.

If two sides in one triangle are congruent to the two sides in
another triangle and the median drawn to one of them in one
triangle is congruent to the median drawn to the congruent
side in the second triangle, then the triangles are congruent.


The property

The first lesson on construction problems. It explains what
the construction problems are and how to draw a congruent
segment and a congruent angle using a compass and a ruler.

This lesson explains how to construct a parallel line
passing through a given point using a compass and a ruler.


    If a triangle has two congruent sides, then
    the angles opposite to these sides are congruent.
(In an isosceles triangle the angles at the base are congruent).
    If a triangle has two congruent angles, then
    the sides opposite to these angles are congruent.
(If a triangle has two congruent angles it is isosceles).

In an isosceles triangle the altitude drawn to the base
coincides with the median and the angle bisector.

If in a quadrilateral the opposite sides are parallel in pairs,
    then the opposite sides are of equal length in pairs.
If in a quadrilateral two opposite sides are parallel and of
    equal length, then two other opposite sides are
    parallel and of equal length too.

The straight line connecting midpoints of two sides of a
triangle is parallel to the third side and is half of its length.
If a straight line bisects one side of a triangle and is parallel
to its second side, then it bisects the third side of the triangle.


The property

If a triangle is isosceles, then the two altitudes are
    of equal length.
If in a triangle the two altitudes are of equal length, then
    the triangle is isosceles.

If a triangle is isosceles, then the two medians are
    of equal length.
If in a triangle the two medians are of equal length, then
    the triangle is isosceles.

In a triangle, the angle opposite to the longer side
is greater than the angle opposite to the shorter side.
In a triangle, the side opposite to the greater angle
is longer than the side opposite to the smaller angle.
If two triangles have two sides correspondingly congruent
in pairs, and the third sides are not equal, then the
greater included angle corresponds to the greater third side.
If two triangles have two sides correspondingly congruent
in pairs, and the third sides are not equal, then the
greater third side corresponds to the greater included angle.

If a triangle is isosceles, then the two angle bisectors
    are of equal length.
If in a triangle the two angle bisectors are of equal length,
    then the triangle is isosceles.


The property

A point is equidistant from the endpoints of a line segment
if and only if the point lies on the perpendicular
drawn through the midpoint of the line segment

A point is equidistant from the sides of an angle
if and only if the point lies on the angle bisector

This lesson is on the construction problems. It explains
how to bisect a segment using a compass and a ruler
and how to construct a perpendicular to the given segment.

This lesson is on the construction problems. It explains
how to bisect an angle using a compass and a ruler.

Perpendicular bisectors of a triangle sides
are concurrent

Angle bisectors of a triangle are concurrent

Altitudes of a triangle are concurrent

In a parallelogram, diagonals bisect each other.
If in a quadrilateral the diagonals bisect each other,
then the quadrilateral is a parallelogram.

Medians of a triangle are concurrent


The property

In a right triangle, the median drawn to the hypotenuse,
has the measure half the hypotenuse.
If in a triangle the median has the measure half the length of
the side it is drawn to, then the triangle is a right triangle.
In a right triangle, the median drawn to the hypotenuse
divides the triangle in two isosceles triangles.

The Pythagorean Theorem. The geometric proof is presented
close to that by Euclid in his books "Elements".

Two more proofs of the Pythagorean Theorem are presented.
First one is based on the layout consideration.
Second one uses similar triangles.

Law of Sines is proved. The Trigonometric proof.
Examples are presented showing how to apply the Law
of Sines to solve triangles.

Law of Sines - more Geometric proof.

Examples on solving triangles with the use the Law of Sines.
All possible cases are considered you can meet when solving
triangles with the use the Law of Sines.


The property

Proof of the Law of Cosines

Examples on solving triangles with the use the Law of Cosines.
All possible cases are considered you can meet when solving
triangles with the use the Law of Cosines.

In a triangle, an angle bisector divides the opposite side
in two segments proportional to the ratio of the length
of the two other sides of the triangle.

The formula is derived to calculate the length of the median
via the lengths of the three sides of the triangle.
Examples are presented showing how to use this formula.

......

Under the topic

Points and Straight Lines basics      


Angles, complementary,
supplementary angles


Angles, complementary,
supplementary angles

Angles, complementary,
supplementary angles

Triangles

Triangles


Triangles

Geometry





Under the topic

Triangles



Triangles



Triangles






Triangles


Triangles





Triangles





Under the topic

Geometry




Geometry




Triangles










Geometry





Under the topic

Triangles



Triangles


Triangles



Triangles


Triangles


Triangles

Triangles

Geometry



Triangles


Under the topic

Geometry






Pythagorean theorem


Pythagorean theorem



Triangles



Triangles

Trigonometry




Under the topic

Trigonometry

Trigonometry



Geometry



Geometry



......

In the section      

Geometry


Geometry



Geometry


Geometry


Geometry

Geometry


Geometry

Word problems





In the section

Geometry



Geometry



Geometry






Geometry


Geometry





Geometry





In the section

Word problems




Word problems




Geometry










Word problems





In the section

Geometry



Geometry


Geometry



Geometry


Geometry


Geometry

Geometry

Word problems



Geometry


In the section

Word problems






Geometry


Geometry



Geometry



Geometry

Algebra-II




In the section

Algebra-II

Algebra-II



Word problems



Word problems



......

For the solutions of the typical word problems on triangles related to their sides and angles measures see the lessons
    HOW TO solve problems on the angles of triangles - Examples,
    HOW TO solve problems on the angles of isosceles triangles - Examples,
    HOW TO solve problems on the triangle sides measures - Examples, and
    HOW TO solve problems on the isosceles triangle sides measures - Examples
under the topic Geometry of the section Word problems in this site.

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