The rules are: 1. Substitute (-x) for x in the equation 2. Simplify 3. (a) If the right side is exactly the same as the original right side, then its graph is symmetrical with respect to the y-axis. (b) If the right side is like the original except that it is multiplied by -1, then it is an odd function, and is reflected in the origin. (c) If neither (a) or (b) apply then it is neither an even function or an odd function. f(x) = x5 1. f(-x) = (-x)5 2. f(-x) = -x5 That's the right side of the original multiplied through by -1. Therefore it's odd. Edwin