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If 1st term of a GP is x and 3rd term is y, then
y = , (1)
where r is the common ratio. If x is not zero, then we can divide both sides of this equation by x
= . (2)
Notice that in this case, when x =/= 0, from formula (1), both y and x have the same sign
(both are either positive or negative), so the ratio is non-negative.
Hence, we can take square root of
r = +/- ,
and in the case x =/= 0 it is the final answer to the problem's question,
giving two possible values for r, if y =/= 0, or single zero, of y=0.
In the special case x=0 we CAN NOT divide by x (by zero), so formula (2) does not work.
In this case, the geometric progression is degenerated: all its terms are zeros.
So, the complete answer is r = +/- , if x =/= 0 (two possible values, if y =/= 0; or single 0, if y=0)
or any real number, if x = 0, but the GP in this case is degenerated and consists of zeros.
Solved completely with giving a complete answer.
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This problem is, obviously, a trap.
The trap is that a COMPLETE answer is required, including the case x=0.