.
After inserting 4 arithmetic means between 3 and 23 you will have 5 (five) intervals of equal lengths,
that together comprise the interval of the total length of 23-3 = 20 units.
So, each elementary interval is
= 4 units long.
Hence, the A.M. to be inserted are
3 + 4 = 7,
7 + 4 = 11,
11 + 4 = 15,
15 + 4 = 19.