After inserting 4 arithmetic means between 3 and 23 you will have 5 (five) intervals of equal lengths, that together comprise the interval of the total length of 23-3 = 20 units. So, each elementary interval is= 4 units long. Hence, the A.M. to be inserted are 3 + 4 = 7, 7 + 4 = 11, 11 + 4 = 15, 15 + 4 = 19.