Good Lord! I feel sorry for the person who looked at Jim Thompson's solution. Why do some of these people make these SIMPLE solutions/simplifications so lengthy and complex? It's like the math problem can be written in 2 sentences, yet they write NOVELS, and sometimes they create MOVIES.------- Reducing the constants in the numerator and denominator ------ Reducing the fraction in the parentheses by canceling the variables <====== This is how SIMPLE this is!