The horizontal blue line I added: The transverse axis extends from vertex (-7,-3/2) to vertex (-1,-3/2) so the transverse axis is 6 units long. The semi-transverse axis is 'a' which is half of 6 or a=3. The vertical blue line that I added: The conjugate axis extends from midpoint of top side to midpoint of bottom side of defining rectangle, from (4,-1) to vertex (-4,-2) so the conjugate axis is 1 units long. The semi-conjugate axis is 'b' which is half of 1 or b=1/2. The center is (h,k)=(-4,-3/2) so the equation becomes in standard form Now if you do some work on that, you'll end up with this general form: Edwin