Begin the truth table with this: ~A ∨ (B ⊃ A) T T T T F T F T F F F F Then do the ~ before the A: ~A ∨ (B ⊃ A) FT T T FT F T TF T F TF F F * Then do the ⊃ between B and A ~A ∨ (B ⊃ A) FT T T T FT F T T TF T F F TF F T F * Finally do the v ~A ∨ (B ⊃ A) FT T T T T FT T F T T TF F T F F TF T F T F * A contingent statement is a statement which could logically be either true or false. Since 3 of the lines of the truth table is false and the others are true, this is a contingent statement. Edwin
Give reasons for the steps, given premises 1, 2 and 3: 1. X ⊃ (Y ⊃(answered by Edwin McCravy)