χ2 = p = .89
this cumulative p just says there is an 89% chance that sample standard deviation will be < .30
re Reply:
Is the apparent increase in variability significant at the 0.10 level of significance?
(.95 upper and .05 lower ) Degree of Freedom is 16
From Table:
7.962 < p < 26.296 , 23.04 falls in between, no not significant
Upper-tail critical values of chi-square distribution with ν degrees of freedom
Probability less than the critical value
ν 0.90 0.95 0.975 0.99 0.999
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1 2.706 3.841 5.024 6.635 10.828
2 4.605 5.991 7.378 9.210 13.816
3 6.251 7.815 9.348 11.345 16.266
4 7.779 9.488 11.143 13.277 18.467
5 9.236 11.070 12.833 15.086 20.515
6 10.645 12.592 14.449 16.812 22.458
7 12.017 14.067 16.013 18.475 24.322
8 13.362 15.507 17.535 20.090 26.125
9 14.684 16.919 19.023 21.666 27.877
10 15.987 18.307 20.483 23.209 29.588
11 17.275 19.675 21.920 24.725 31.264
12 18.549 21.026 23.337 26.217 32.910
13 19.812 22.362 24.736 27.688 34.528
14 21.064 23.685 26.119 29.141 36.123
15 22.307 24.996 27.488 30.578 37.697
16 23.542 26.296 28.845 32.000 39.252
17 24.769 27.587 30.191 33.409 40.790
18 25.989 28.869 31.526 34.805 42.312
Lower-tail critical values of chi-square distribution with ν degrees of freedom
Probability less than the critical value
ν 0.10 0.05 0.025 0.01 0.001
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1. .016 .004 .001 .000 .000
2. .211 .103 .051 .020 .002
3. .584 .352 .216 .115 .024
4. 1.064 .711 .484 .297 .091
5. 1.610 1.145 .831 .554 .210
6. 2.204 1.635 1.237 .872 .381
7. 2.833 2.167 1.690 1.239 .598
8. 3.490 2.733 2.180 1.646 .857
9. 4.168 3.325 2.700 2.088 1.152
10. 4.865 3.940 3.247 2.558 1.479
11. 5.578 4.575 3.816 3.053 1.834
12. 6.304 5.226 4.404 3.571 2.214
13. 7.042 5.892 5.009 4.107 2.617
14. 7.790 6.571 5.629 4.660 3.041
15. 8.547 7.261 6.262 5.229 3.483
16. 9.312 7.962 6.908 5.812 3.942
17. 10.085 8.672 7.564 6.408 4.416
18. 10.865 9.390 8.231 7.015 4.905