SOLUTION: What is the age distribution of patients who make office visits to a doctor or nurse? The following table is based on information taken from a medical journal.
Age group, years U
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Question 531087: What is the age distribution of patients who make office visits to a doctor or nurse? The following table is based on information taken from a medical journal.
Age group, years Under 15 15-24 25-44 45-64 65 and older
Percent of office visitors 10% 5% 25% 10% 50%
Suppose you are a district manager of a health management organization (HMO) that is monitoring the office of a local doctor or nurse in general family practice. This morning the office you are monitoring has eight office visits on the schedule. What is the probability of the following?
(a) At least half the patients are under 15 years old. (Round your answer to three decimal places.)
Explain how this can be modeled as a binomial distribution with 8 trials, where success is visitor age is under 15 years old and the probability of success is 10%?
Let n = 8, p = 0.10 and compute the probabilities using the binomial distribution.
Let n = 15, p = 0.10 and compute the probabilities using the binomial distribution.
Let n = 8, p = 0.15 and compute the probabilities using the binomial distribution.
Let n = 8, p = 0.90 and compute the probabilities using the binomial distribution.
(b) From 2 to 5 patients are 65 years old or older (include 2 and 5). (Round your answer to three decimal places.)
(c) From 2 to 5 patients are 45 years old or older (include 2 and 5). (Hint: Success if 45 or older. Use the table to compute the probability of success on a single trial. Round your answer to three decimal places.)
(d) All the patients are under 25 years of age. (Round your answer to three decimal places.)
(e) All the patients are 15 years old or older. (Round your answer to three decimal places.)
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According to a survey, 58% of adults are concerned that Social Security numbers are used for general identification. For a group of eight adults selected at random, we used Minitab to generate the binomial probability distribution and the cumulative binomial probability distribution (menu selections Calc Probability Distributions Binomial).
Number r
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8 P(r)
0.000968
0.010697
0.051702
0.142797
0.246494
0.272318
0.188029
0.074188
0.012806 P(<=r)
0.00097
0.01167
0.06337
0.20616
0.45266
0.72498
0.91301
0.98719
1.00000
(a) Find the probability that out of eight adults selected at random, at most five are concerned about Social Security numbers being used for identification. Do the problem by adding the probabilities P(r = 0) through P(r = 5). (Round your answer to three decimal places.)
Is this the same as the cumulative probability P(r ≤ 5)?
Yes
No
(b) Find the probability that out of eight adults selected at random, more than five are concerned about Social Security numbers being used for identification. First, do the problem by adding probabilities P(r = 6) through P(r = 8). (Round your answer to three decimal places.)
Now do the problem by subtracting the cumulative probability P(r ≤ 5) from 1. (Round your answer to three decimal places.)
Do you get the same results?
Yes
No
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According to the college registrar's office, 35% of students enrolled in an introductory statistics class this semester are freshmen, 20% are sophomores, 5% are juniors, and 40% are seniors. You want to determine the probability that in a random sample of five students enrolled in introductory statistics this semester, exactly two are freshmen.
(a) Describe a trial. Can we model a trial as having only two outcomes? If so, what is success? What is failure?
A trial consists of looking at the class status of a student enrolled in introductory statistics. Yes we can model this trial with "sophomore" being a success and "any other class" as a failure.
A trial consists of looking at the class status of a student enrolled in introductory statistics. Yes we can model this trial with "junior" being a success and "any other class" as a failure.
A trial consists of looking at the class status of a student enrolled in introductory statistics. Yes we can model this trial with "freshman" being a success and "any other class" as a failure.
A trial consists of looking at the class status of all students. Yes we can model this trial with "freshman" being a success and "any other class" as a failure.
What is the probability of success?
(b) We are sampling without replacement. If only 30 students are enrolled in introductory statistics this semester, is it appropriate to model 5 trials as independent, with the same probability of success on each trial? Explain.
No. There are more than two outcomes.
No. The probability of success is the same for each trial.
No. These trials are not independent.
Yes. This is a standard binomial probability model.
What other probability distribution would be more appropriate in this setting?
hypergeometric
normal
chi-square
uniform
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In the western United States, there are many dry land wheat farms that depend on winter snow and spring rain to produce good crops. About 50% of the years there is enough moisture to produce a good wheat crop, depending on the region.
(a) Let r be a random variable that represents the number of good wheat crops in n = 8 years. Suppose the Zimmer farm has reason to believe that at least 4 out of 8 years will be good. However, they need at least 6 good years out of 8 years to survive financially. Compute the probability that the Zimmers will get at least 6 good years out of 8, given what they believe is true; that is, compute P(6 ≤ r | 4 ≤ r). (Round your answer to three decimal places.)
(b) Let r be a random variable that represents the number of good wheat crops in n = 10 years. Suppose the Montoya farm has reason to believe that at least 6 out of 10 years will be good. However, they need at least 8 good years out of 10 years to survive financially. Compute the probability that the Montoyas will get at least 8 good years out of 10, given what they believe is true; that is, compute P(8 ≤ r | 6 ≤ r). (Round your answer to three decimal places.)
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Before 1918, approximately 55% of the wolves in the New Mexico and Arizona region were male, and 45% were female. However, cattle ranchers in this area have made a determined effort to exterminate wolves. From 1918 to the present, approximately 70% of wolves in the region are male, and 30% are female. Biologists suspect that male wolves are more likely than females to return to an area where the population has been greatly reduced. (Round your answers to three decimal places.)
(a) Before 1918, in a random sample of 12 wolves spotted in the region, what is the probability that 9 or more were male?
What is the probability that 9 or more were female?
What is the probability that fewer than 6 were female?
(b) For the period from 1918 to the present, in a random sample of 12 wolves spotted in the region, what is the probability that 9 or more were male?
What is the probability that 9 or more were female?
What is the probability that fewer than 6 were female?
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Aldrich Ames is a convicted traitor who leaked American secrets to a foreign power. Yet Ames took routine lie detector tests and each time passed them. How can this be done? Recognizing control questions, employing unusual breathing patterns, biting one's tongue at the right time, pressing one's toes hard to the floor, and counting backwards by 7 are countermeasures that are difficult to detect but can change the results of a polygraph examination†. In fact, it is reported in Professor Ford's book that after only 20 minutes of instruction by "Buzz" Fay (a prison inmate), 85% of those trained were able to pass the polygraph examination even when guilty of a crime. Suppose that a random sample of nine students (in a psychology laboratory) are told a "secret" and then given instructions on how to pass the polygraph examination without revealing their knowledge of the secret. What are the following probabilities? (Round your answers to three decimal places.)
(a) all the students are able to pass the polygraph examination
(b) more than half the students are able to pass the polygraph examination
(c) no more than half of the students are able to pass the polygraph examination
(d) all the students fail the polygraph examination
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In an experiment, there are n independent trials. For each trial, there are three outcomes, A, B, and C. For each trial, the probability of outcome A is 0.40; the probability of outcome B is 0.20; and the probability of outcome C is 0.40. Suppose there are 10 trials.
(a) Can we use the binomial experiment model to determine the probability of four outcomes of type A, five of type B, and one of type C? Explain.
No. A binomial probability model applies to only two outcomes per trial.
No. A binomial probability model applies to only one outcome per trial.
Yes. A binomial probability model applies to three outcomes per trial.
Yes. Each outcome has a probability of success and failure.
(b) Can we use the binomial experiment model to determine the probability of four outcomes of type A and six outcomes that are not of type A? Explain.
No. A binomial probability model applies to only two outcomes per trial.
Yes. Assign outcome B to "success" and outcomes A and C to "failure."
Yes. Assign outcome A to "success" and outcomes B and C to "failure."
Yes. Assign outcome C to "success" and outcomes A and B to "failure."
What is the probability of success on each trial?
Answer by richard1234(7193) (Show Source): You can put this solution on YOUR website!
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