n(A)
That's the number of elements in the whole red circle.
There are 20 in the left part of the red circle and 50
in the right part. So that's 20+50 = 70.
n(A) = 70
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n(B)
That's the number of elements in the whole green circle.
There are 50 in the left part of the green circle and 70
in the right part. So that's 50+70 = 120.
n(B) = 120
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p(A)= n(A)/n(U)
The universal set U consists of all the elements in both
circles which is 20+50+70 or 140.
So p(A) = n(A)/n(U) = 70/140 = 1/2
p(B) = n(B)/n(U) = 120/140 = 6/7
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p(A|B) = The probability of A given B.
Since we are given that we are in B, we can cross out
the 20 because those 20 are not in B, so we just have this:
So p(A|B) = 50/(50+70) = 50/120 = 5/12
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p(B|A)
Since we are given that we are in A, we can cross out
the 70 because those 70 are not in A, so we just have this:
So p(B|A) = 50/(20+50) = 50/70 = 5/7
Edwin