SOLUTION: A pair of dice are tossed. What is the probability that doubles are rolled, given that the sum on the two dice is less than 7? (Round your answer to three decimal places.)

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Question 435513: A pair of dice are tossed. What is the probability that doubles are rolled, given that the sum on the two dice is less than 7? (Round your answer to three decimal places.)

Answer by Edwin McCravy(20062)   (Show Source): You can put this solution on YOUR website!


Here are all possible rolls of a pair of dice:

(1,1)  (1,2)   (1,3)  (1,4)   (1,5)  (1,6)
 
(2,1)  (2,2)   (2,3)  (2,4)   (2,5)  (2,6)
 
(3,1)  (3,2)   (3,3)  (3,4)   (3,5)  (3,6)
 
(4,1)  (4,2)   (4,3)  (4,4)   (4,5)  (4,6)
 
(5,1)  (5,2)   (5,3)  (5,4)   (5,5)  (5,6)
 
(6,1)  (6,2)   (6,3)  (6,4)   (6,5)  (6,6)



Since we are given that the sum is less than 7, we will 
remove from the sample space all the ones which have sum
of 7 or more, leaving only those that have the given 
property.

The reduced sample space consists of 15 rolls is this:

(1,1)  (1,2)   (1,3)  (1,4)   (1,5)  
 
(2,1)  (2,2)   (2,3)  (2,4)  
 
(3,1)  (3,2)   (3,3) 
 
(4,1)  (4,2)   
 
(5,1)  
 

And I'll now color the doubles red.

(1,1)  (1,2)   (1,3)  (1,4)   (1,5)  
 
(2,1)  (2,2)   (2,3)  (2,4)  
 
(3,1)  (3,2)   (3,3) 
 
(4,1)  (4,2)   
 
(5,1)

So 3 out of the 15 are doubles.  So the probability is 3/15,
which reduces to 1/5, to three decimal places is .200

Edwin

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