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Find how many numbers in the range 1 - 300 are divisible by at least one of the integers 4, 6 and 15 by using inclusion-exclusion principle.
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We have a universal set U of 300 elements (integer numbers from 1 to 300).
Of them, 300/4 = 75 elements are divisible by 4 (subset F, from the word Four);
300/6 = 50 elements are divisible by 6 (subset X, from the word siX);
300/15 = 20 elements are divisible by 15 (subset N, from the word fifteeN).
Of them, we have these in-pair intersections
300/(4*3) = 25 elements divisible by 4 and by 6 (intersection (F and X) );
300/(4*15) = 5 elements divisible by 4 and by 15 (intersection (F and N) );
300/(6*5) = 10 elements divisible by 6 and by 15 (intersection (X and N) ).
Of them, we have triple intersection
300/(4*3*5) = 5 elements divisible by 4, 6 and 15 (intersection (F and X and N) ).
The problems asks about the number of elements in the union of the three subsets (F U X U N).
Use the formula for the number of elements in the union of any 3 subsets
n(F U X U N) = n(F) + n(X) + n(N) - n(F and X) - n(F and N) - n(X and N) + n(F and X and N) =
= substitute the obtained numbers from above =
= 75 + 50 + 20 - 25 - 5 - 10 + 5 = 110. ANSWER
ANSWER. There are 110 numbers between 1 and 300 (inclusive) that are divisible by at least one of three numbers 4, 6 and/or 15.
Solved.