SOLUTION: Many people believe that criminals who plead guilty tend to get lighter sentences than those who are convicted in trials. The accompanying table summarizes randomly selected sample

Question 1083119: Many people believe that criminals who plead guilty tend to get lighter sentences than those who are convicted in trials. The accompanying table summarizes randomly selected sample data for defendants in burglary cases. All of the subjects had prior prison sentences. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the sentence (sent to prison or not sent to prison) is independent of the plea. If you were an attorney defending a guilty defendant, would these results suggest that you should encourage a guilty plea?
_ Guilty_Plea Not_Guilty_Plea
Sent_to_Prison 373 48
Not_Sent_to_Prison 568 33
Answer by Boreal(15235) (Show Source): You can put this solution on YOUR website!
Sent_to_Prison------ 373 48===421
Not_Sent_to_Prison---- 568 33===601
==================941==81==1022
The expected values are for the upper left: 421*941/1022, and the second row left 601*941/1022
Expected are
387.63==33.37
553.37==47.63
sum of (O-E)^2/E=0.55+4.46+0.38+6.49=11.88 (11.85 using TI-83)
The critical value is 3.84 at the 0.05 level
This is highly significant statistically; whether one should encourage it depends upon other factors, but this would be an important one. About 89% go to prison who plea and about 95% who don't.

RELATED QUESTIONS
Pleas made by 1036 criminals of whom 958 pled guilty 398 of them were sentenced to... (answered by Theo)

A non-governmental organization (NGO) conducts a study on human rights for a group of... (answered by mathmate)

In a study of pleas and prison sentences, it is found that 35% of the subjects studied... (answered by ikleyn)

Suppose that 2% of convicted felons are in fact innocent. a. If a person is convicted of (answered by ikleyn)

What is the age distribution of patients who make office visits to a doctor or nurse? The (answered by richard1234)

In U.S criminal trials, about 60% of all defendants are found guilty. a) if you were... (answered by stanbon)

Aldrich Ames is a convicted traitor who leaked American secrets to a foreign power. Yet... (answered by ikleyn)

47. Pharmacology In placebo-controlled trials of Prozac�, a drug that is prescribed to... (answered by stanbon)

The ratio of people who support putting in curbs to those who oppose it is 2 to 5. If... (answered by Greenfinch)