The complement of a given event = the event that the given event does not happen. The complement of the event of the frog landing on a yellow lily is the event of the frog landing on a white lily instead. P(complement of a given event) = 1 - P(given event) P(frog landing on a white lily) = 1 - P(frog landing on a yellow lily) P(complement event) = 1 - 0.43 = 0.57 or 57% Edwin