The triangle has maximum area when all three dice are 6's. That's the case of the three rolls being (6,6,6). So there is only one way the triangle can have maximum area. So the numerator of the probability will be 1. Now we calculate the denominator of the probability. Since we are given that the three dice rolls must result in an isosceles triangle, we must count the number of rolls that would result in such. In doing so, we must realize that rolls such as (2,2,6) do not form an isosceles triangle, even though two rolls are the same. To form a triangle, the sum of the shortest two of the sides must be greater than the longest of the three sides. That is not true in the case of rolls (2,2,6) since 2+2 = 4 < 6. We calculate the number of rolls with two or three rolls the same which will produce an isosceles triangle. Case 1: the three rolls are equal resulting in an equilateral triangle. There are obviously 6 of these: (1,1,1),(2,2,2),...,(6,6,6) Case 2: Two of the sides are equal, and the third side not equal, resulting in a non-equilateral isosceles triangle. First we find what three rolls result in a non-equilateral isosceles triangle, then we'll order them as to which of the three roll numbers 1st, 2nd, and 3rd they were obtained in. Sub-case 1: the two equal rolls are 1's. There is no way to choose an unequal roll that will result in a triangle. [the case (1,1,1) is counted in case 1] That's 0 ways. Sub-case 2: the two equal rolls are 2's. The unequal roll can only be 1 or 3 for it to result in a non-equilateral isosceles triangle. That's 2 ways. Sub-case 3: the two equal rolls are 3's. The unequal roll can only be 1,2,4, or 5 for it to result in a non-equilateral isosceles triangle. That's 4 ways. Sub-case 4: the two equal rolls are 4's. The unequal roll can only be 1,2,3,5, or 6 for it to result in a non-equilateral isosceles triangle. That's 5 ways. Sub-case 5: the two equal rolls are 5's. The unequal roll can only be 1,2,3,4, or 6 for it to result in a non-equilateral isosceles triangle. That's 5 ways. Sub-case 6: the two equal rolls are 5's. The unequal roll can only be 1,2,3,4 or 5 for it to result in a non-equilateral isosceles triangle. That's 5 ways. So for case 2 there are 0+2+4+5+5+5 = 21 ways to choose the 3 rolls, unordered. As we mentioned earlier, there are three "roll numbers", 1st roll, 2nd roll and 3rd roll. We must consider these orders for case 2 where there is one unequal roll. We can choose the roll number for the unequal roll in 3 ways, and the equal pair of rolls will automatically be in the remaining two roll numbers. So there are 3 ways to assign roll numbers to each of the 21 cases of 2 equal rolls and 1 unequal roll that will result is a non-equilateral isosceles triangle. That's 21*3 = 63 ways to choose the three rolls, where exactly two are equal. So for cases 1 and 2 there are 6+63 = 69 rolls that will result in isosceles triangles. So the desired conditional probability is 1/69. Edwin