(1) Substitute x=1 to see if x=1 is a root:
Yes, x=1 is a root. Use synthetic division to divide out the factor x-1.
1 | 2 3 -12 7
| 2 5 -7
+--------------
2 5 -7 0
The remainder is 0, so x=1 is a root; (x-1) is a factor.
(2) Factor the remaining quadratic by whatever method you know.