Hi,
In how many ways can 12 athletes be awarded a first-place medal, a second place medal,
and a third-place medal? nPx = 12P3 == 12!/9! = 1320
In how many different ways can a student choose 3 out of 8 problems to complete
on a take-home exam? nCx = 8C3 == 8!/3!5! = 56
If event A is certain to occur... P(A) = 1