a. How many routes are there from City A to City C passing through City B? 10*5 = 50. b. How many road-trips are there of the form A-B-C-B-A? (10*5)*(5*10) == 2500. c. How many road-trips are there of the form A-B-C-B-A in which on return to trip we do not reverse the original route from A to C? (10*5)*(4*9) = 50*36 = 1800.