if you rent both then the cost is 3.50 * x, where x is the number of hours skate.
if you buy the skates, then the cost is 40 + 1.50 * x.
the 40 is up front one time fixed cost and the 2.50 per hour is the cost of renting the safety equipment.
you want to know when the cost of renting skates is more than the cost of buying skates.
your equation would be 3.50 * x > 40 + 1.50 * x
subtract 1.50 * x from both sides of this equation and you get 2.00 * x > 40
divide both sides of this equation (actually an inequality) and you get x > 20.
you would have to skate more than 20 hours for the cost of renting the skates to be more than the cost of buying the skates.
test this out with x < 20 and x = 20 and x > 20
i used x = 18, 20, and 22.
cost of renting skates versus cost of buying skates table is shown below:
hours buy skates rent skates cheaper
18 40 + 18 * 1.50 = 67 18 * 3.50 = 73 rent
20 40 + 20 * 1.50 = 70 20 * 3.50 = 70 both the same
22 40 + 22 * 1.50 = 73 22 * 3.50 = 77 buy
the cutoff is at 20 when the cost of buying and renting is the same.
any hours over that and the cost of buying the skates is less than renting both.