These are Examples of Common Functions
Direct Function:

Domain: all reals
Range: all reals
Constant Function:

Domain: all reals
Range: f(x) = 2
Inverse Function: f(x) = 1/x

Domain: x > 0 and 0 > x <====(0)====> Not Equal To Zero
Range: y > 0 and 0 > y <====(0)====} Not Equal To Zero
Rational Function: f(x) = (x - 1)/(x + 1)

Domain: x > -1 and -1 > x <====(-1)====> Not Equal To Negative One
Range: y > 1 and 1 > y <====(1)====> Not Equal To One
Trig Function:

f(x) = sin(x)
Domain: all reals
Range:

f(x) = 3cos(x)
Domain: all reals
Range:

f(x) = tan(x)
Domain: all reals excluding: +-

/2 +

k .... where 'k' is any integer
Range: all reals
Quadratic Function:

Domain: all reals
Range:

Cubic Function:

Domain: all reals
Range: all reals
Quartic Function:

Domain: all reals
Range:

Quintic Function:

Domain: all reals
Range: all reals
*Just for Fun*
ABSOLUTE VALUED GRAPHS
f(x) = |x^2 - 10|

f(x) = |tan(x)|

f(x) = |sin(x)|

f(x) = |(x + 3)(x - 2)(x + 1)(x + 2)(x - 1)|

f(x) = |sin(x) + x|