To find the maximum retarding force that can be used to stop the vehicle without skidding: Maximum retarding force = Coefficient of friction x Normal force The normal force is the force exerted by the ground on the vehicle, which is equal to the weight of the vehicle. Weight of the vehicle = Mass x Acceleration due to gravity Weight of the vehicle = 1325 kg x 9.8 m/s2 = 12997.5 N Now, we can calculate the maximum retarding force: Maximum retarding force = Coefficient of friction x Normal force Maximum retarding force = 0.4 x 12997.5 N = 5199 N Therefore, the maximum retarding force that can be used to stop the vehicle without skidding is 5199 N. Edwin