1. 2 pencils and 2 rulers cost 56p ====> 1 pencil and 1 ruler cost 28p. 2. Now you have 3 pencil and 1 ruler cost 50p (first part of the condition), and 1 pencil and 1 ruler cost 28p. =====================> It implies that 2 pencils cost 50-28 = 22p. It means that 1 pencil cost 11p.