The a and b in the numerator are FACTORS of the numerator. That is, they are MULTIPLIED together to form the numerator. The a and b in the denominator are TERMS of the denominator. That is, they are SUBTRACTED to form the denominator. We may only cancel a FACTOR of the numerator with a FACTOR of the denominator. A TERM of the numerator can NEVER be canceled with anything in the denominator, or vice-versa. Edwin