First step is to write the basic formula correctly: cos(2x) = 1 - 2*sin^2(x). // In your post the formula is presented by incorrect way ! Second step is verification cos(2x) = cos(x+x) = cos(x)*cos(x) - sin(x)*sin(x) = cos^2(x) - sin^2(x) = (1-sin^2(x)) - sin^2(x) = 1 - 2*sin^2(x). QED.