Let s = "My car does not start." Let w = "I will make it to work on time." I) If my car does not start, then I will not make it to work on time. That's ~s->~w s w ~s ~w ~s -> ~w T T F F T T F F T T F T T F F F F T T T II) If my car does not start, then I will make it to work on time. That's ~s -> w s w ~s ~s -> w T T F T T F F T F T T T F F T F III) Either my car starts or I will make it to work on time. That's s V w s w s V w T T T T F T F T T F F F II and III are equivalent because they have the same truth table, TTTF. Or you can prove it because (p->q) <=> (~pVq) Let p = ~s and q = w, then (~s->w) <=> (~(~s) V w) (~s->w) <=> (s V w) Edwin